Countries with Black, Red & Yellow Flags 2026
This is the complete set of sovereign UN-member states whose flags use only black, red, and yellow (gold) — no other colour anywhere, including any emblem. Only three countries qualify. Germany's state flag adds the Bundesadler — a black eagle with red and gold colouring — which stays entirely within the palette. Uganda, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea all use these three colours but introduce white and grey elsewhere on their flags.
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3 countries(complete set — no sovereign nation was omitted)
| Flag | Country | Since | Colours | Design | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Germany | 1949 | Black / Red / Gold — horizontal tricolour | Three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red (middle), and gold (bottom) — known in German as Schwarz-Rot-Gold. The civil flag is a pure three-colour design. The government service flag (Bundesdienstflagge) adds the Bundesadler — a black eagle with red beak, tongue, and talons on a gold shield — which stays entirely within the black-red-gold palette, so even the state version introduces no additional colour. The colours were first associated with German nationalism during the Wars of Liberation against Napoleon, notably the uniform of the Lützow Free Corps (black with red and gold trim). They appeared prominently at the 1832 Hambach Festival and became the banner of the liberal-democratic 1848 revolution. Adopted by the Weimar Republic in 1919, suppressed under the Nazi swastika flag from 1933, and restored in West Germany in 1949 — where they have stood ever since as the colours of German democracy and unity. | |
 | Belgium | 1831 | Black / Yellow / Red — vertical tricolour | Three equal vertical bands of black (hoist), yellow (centre), and red (fly) — a pure three-colour design with no emblem on either the civil or the standard national flag. The colours are taken from the medieval coat of arms of the Duchy of Brabant: a golden lion with red claws and tongue on a black field. They first appeared as horizontal bands during the Brabant Revolution of 1789–1790 against Habsburg rule. On 23 January 1831 the National Congress enshrined the tricolour in the Belgian constitution (Article 193 reads: 'The Belgian Nation adopts the colours red, yellow and black'). The stripes were rotated from horizontal to vertical to distinguish the flag from the Dutch flag. Belgium's unusual 13∶15 proportion makes it one of the few national flags that is neither 2∶3 nor 1∶2. | |
 | Angola | 1975 | Red over black bicolour, central yellow emblem | Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black (bottom), charged at the centre with a yellow emblem consisting of a half-cogwheel crossed by a machete, both surmounted by a five-pointed star. Because the emblem is entirely yellow — no additional colour appears anywhere — the flag qualifies as a strict three-colour design. Adopted on 11 November 1975, the day Angola declared independence from Portugal. Red represents the blood shed during the liberation struggle and the colonial period; black represents the African continent. The yellow emblem draws on the iconography of the MPLA (People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola): the cogwheel represents industrial workers, the machete symbolises agricultural labourers and the peasantry, and the star represents international solidarity and progress. |
Notable near-misses — black, red, and yellow present but other colours introduced:
🇺🇬Uganda— Black/yellow/red stripes but a white disc and grey crane add two more colours
🇹🇱East Timor— Black, red, and yellow triangles but a white star adds a fourth colour
🇵🇬Papua New Guinea— Red and black with yellow stars, but also white (bird-of-paradise) adds another colour
🇧🇳Brunei— Yellow field with black and red diagonal stripes, but also white and a multicolour crest
🇲🇲Myanmar— Yellow, green, red horizontal triband — no black; colours are wrong set
🇿🇼Zimbabwe— Black, red, yellow present but also green, white, and the Zimbabwe bird
🇰🇪Kenya— Black, red, white stripes with green — four colours; no yellow
🇹🇹Trinidad & Tobago— Red with black diagonal stripe but also white borders — white disqualifies
🏴N. German Confederation (hist.)— Historical black-white-red flag (not black-red-gold); pre-dates modern Germany
🏴Weimar Republic— Used the same black-red-gold; superseded by Germany's current flag since 1949