 | Denmark | White Nordic cross | Red field with a white Nordic cross offset toward the hoist โ the horizontal bar sits closer to the top than the bottom. The Dannebrog is one of the world's oldest national flags, in continuous use since the 13th century. |
 | Switzerland | White square cross | Square red field bearing a bold white cross whose four arms are equal in length and one-sixth longer than they are wide. The design served as the inspiration for the Red Cross emblem (colours reversed). |
 | Canada | Red maple leaf | Vertical white stripe flanked by two red stripes, with a stylised 11-pointed red maple leaf centred on the white band. Adopted in 1965, replacing the Canadian Red Ensign. |
 | Japan | Red disc on white | Plain white field bearing a red disc (the sun) centred slightly toward the hoist. Known as Nisshลki or Hinomaru ('circle of the sun'); one of the simplest and most iconic flag designs in the world. |
 | Turkey | White crescent & star | Red field with a white crescent and a white five-pointed star slightly left of centre. The crescent and star are ancient Ottoman symbols that appeared on the flag of the Ottoman Empire from at least the 18th century. |
 | Tunisia | Crescent & star in circle | Red field bearing a white circle at the centre, inside which is a red crescent partially enclosing a red five-pointed star โ an arrangement inspired by the Ottoman flag, reflecting Tunisia's historical ties. |
 | Poland | Two horizontal bands | Two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red. The colours derive from the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Poland โ a white eagle on a red field โ and have been associated with Poland since at least the 13th century. |
 | Austria | Red-white-red bands | Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red. Legend dates the design to Duke Leopold V at the Siege of Acre in 1191, though its documented history begins in the 13th century; one of the world's oldest triband flags. |
 | Indonesia | Two horizontal bands | Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white. The bicolour derives from the banner of the Majapahit Empire and was adopted as Indonesia's national flag on 17 August 1945, the day of independence. |
 | Singapore | White crescent & five stars | Upper red half and lower white half; the red half bears a white crescent moon and five white stars arranged in a circle, representing democracy, peace, progress, justice, and equality. |
 | South Korea | Taeguk on white | White field with a blue and red Taeguk (yin-yang) symbol at the centre and four black trigrams in each corner. White is the dominant background colour, long a symbol of purity and peace in Korean culture. |
 | Georgia | Five red crosses | White field with a large red cross dividing it into four quadrants, each containing a smaller red cross. Known as the 'Five-Cross Flag', it dates to the medieval Kingdom of Georgia and was restored as the national flag in 2004. |
 | Costa Rica | Five horizontal bands | Five horizontal bands of blue, white, red (double-width), white, and blue. The red symbolises the blood shed for freedom, white represents peace and wisdom, and blue represents the sky and the two surrounding oceans. |
 | Latvia | Dark carmine & white | Three horizontal bands of dark carmine red (top), white, and dark carmine red. The distinctive dark shade is sometimes called 'Latvian red'; according to legend it originated with a wounded chieftain's white cloth stained in battle. |
 | Tonga | Red with white canton & cross | Red field with a white canton in the upper-hoist corner bearing a red Greek cross. Adopted in 1875 and protected by the Tongan constitution; the design has remained unchanged ever since. |
 | Malta | George Cross in white canton | Two equal vertical bands of white (hoist) and red. In the upper-left corner of the white band sits a representation of the George Cross, awarded to Malta by King George VI in 1942 for the island's extraordinary wartime bravery. |