| Flag | Country | Notes | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
![]() | United States | Stars & Stripes โ 13 stripes, 50 stars on blue | Thirteen alternating horizontal stripes of red and white representing the original thirteen colonies, with a blue rectangular canton in the upper hoist bearing fifty white five-pointed stars โ one per state. The design has been updated twenty-seven times as states joined the Union, most recently in 1960 after Hawaii's admission. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | France | Vertical tricolour: blue, white, red | Three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist), white, and red. Adopted during the French Revolution, combining the traditional royal white with the red and blue of the Paris militia. The Tricolore became the symbol of republicanism across Europe and directly inspired the flags of Italy, Ireland, Mexico, Romania, and many others. Its current proportions were standardised in 1794. |
![]() | United Kingdom | Union Jack โ overlapping crosses on blue | A blue field overlaid with the red cross of St George (England), the white saltire of St Andrew (Scotland), and the red saltire of St Patrick (Ireland), all fringed in white. Known as the Union Jack, the design was created in 1801 when Ireland's saltire was added to the earlier 1606 union of England and Scotland's crosses. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Netherlands | Horizontal tricolour: red, white, blue | Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue. Descended from the orange-white-blue Prinsenvlag used during the 16th-century revolt against Spain, the red gradually replaced orange by the 17th century as orange dye proved unstable at sea. Formally fixed by royal decree in 1937, the Dutch tricolour directly inspired the flag of Russia and, through it, several other nations. |
![]() | Russia | Horizontal tricolour: white, blue, red | Three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red. Introduced by Tsar Peter the Great in the late 17th century after he was inspired by the Dutch tricolour during his travels in the Netherlands, simply reordering the stripes. Banned during the Soviet era in favour of the red flag, it was restored as the national flag of Russia in 1991 following the dissolution of the USSR. |
![]() | Czech Republic | White & red bands with blue triangle at hoist | Two horizontal bands of white (top) and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based at the hoist extending to the centre. Inherited unchanged from the flag of Czechoslovakia (adopted 1920) after the 1993 dissolution, despite an agreement that neither successor state would retain it โ Slovakia adopted a new design, but Czechia kept the original. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Slovakia | Horizontal tricolour with shield emblem | Three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovak coat of arms โ a white double cross on a blue field atop three blue hills โ offset toward the hoist. Adopted in 1992 ahead of independence the following year. The Pan-Slavic colours are shared with Russia, Slovenia, Croatia, and Serbia, and every element of the flag, including the emblem, is rendered only in red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Serbia | Horizontal tricolour: red, blue, white | Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and white โ the Pan-Slavic colours in reverse order from Russia's. The plain civil tricolour has been used since the 19th century; the state flag adds a coat of arms with gold elements. The plain civil tricolour, exclusively red, white, and blue, is the strict qualifier. |
![]() | Chile | White & red bands, blue canton with star | Two horizontal bands โ white (top) and red โ with a blue square canton in the upper hoist bearing a single white five-pointed star, sometimes called 'La Estrella Solitaria' (the Lone Star). Adopted in 1817 during the Chilean War of Independence. The blue represents the sky, the white the snow-capped Andes, the red the blood of independence heroes, and the star guides progress and honour. |
![]() | Cuba | Blue & white stripes, red triangle, white star | Five horizontal stripes alternating blue and white, with a red equilateral triangle at the hoist bearing a single white five-pointed star. Designed in 1849 by exiles seeking independence from Spain and adopted as the national flag in 1902. The three blue stripes represent the three military departments of colonial Cuba, while the triangle symbolises equality, fraternity, and liberty. |
![]() | Panama | Quartered field with blue & red stars | The flag is divided into four quarters: white with a blue five-pointed star (upper hoist), red (upper fly), blue (lower hoist), and white with a red five-pointed star (lower fly). Adopted in 1903 upon independence from Colombia, the blue and red represent the country's two main political parties โ Conservative and Liberal โ united by the white field of peace. |
![]() | Costa Rica | Stripes: blue, white, red (double-width), white, blue | Five horizontal stripes โ blue, white, red (double width), white, blue. Adopted in 1848, inspired by the French Tricolore as a declaration of liberal, republican sympathies during a period of European revolutions. The state flag adds a coat of arms with green and gold within the red stripe; the plain civil flag, red-white-blue only, is the strict qualifier here. |
![]() | Dominican Republic | White cross quartering blue & red panels | A large white cross divides the flag into four rectangles, alternating blue (upper hoist and lower fly) and red (upper fly and lower hoist). The state flag bears a small coat of arms at the centre with additional colours; the plain civil flag, without the arms, is exclusively red, white, and blue and is the strict qualifier. Adopted in essential form in 1844 upon independence from Haiti. |
![]() | Iceland | Blue field, white-bordered red Nordic cross | A blue field bearing a red Nordic cross outlined in white, with the vertical bar offset toward the hoist. Adopted in 1915 and as the national flag upon independence in 1944, the design follows the Scandinavian cross pattern shared with Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, but is the only one combining blue, white, and red. The colours represent fire (red), ice (white), and the surrounding ocean and sky (blue). |
![]() | Norway | Red field, blue-on-white Nordic cross | A red field bearing a blue Nordic cross outlined in white, with the vertical bar offset toward the hoist. Adopted in 1821, the design combines the red and white of the historic Danish Dannebrog with the blue of the French and Dutch tricolours, symbolising Norway's union-era ties and newly won constitutional independence. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Liberia | Stripes with blue canton & single white star | Eleven alternating horizontal stripes of red and white, with a blue square canton in the upper hoist bearing a single white five-pointed star. Modelled deliberately on the flag of the United States by the American Colonization Society settlers who founded Liberia, the eleven stripes represent the signatories of the Liberian Declaration of Independence (1847), and the single star symbolises Africa's first independent republic. |
![]() | SamoaToo small for 110m map | Red field, blue canton with Southern Cross stars | A red field with a blue rectangular canton in the upper hoist bearing five white stars representing the Southern Cross constellation (four large, one small). Adopted in 1949 ahead of independence in 1962, the design reflects Samoa's location in the South Pacific, a region whose flags commonly reference the Southern Cross. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Australia | Blue field, Union Jack canton, Commonwealth & Southern Cross stars | A blue field with the Union Jack in the upper hoist canton, a large white seven-pointed Commonwealth Star below it, and five white stars of the Southern Cross on the fly. Adopted in 1901 following federation, the design reflects Australia's history as part of the British Empire alongside its Southern Hemisphere location. Despite the complex layout, every element resolves to red, white, and blue. |
![]() | New Zealand | Blue field, Union Jack canton, four red Southern Cross stars | A blue field with the Union Jack in the upper hoist canton and four red five-pointed stars edged in white, representing the Southern Cross, on the fly. Adopted in 1902, the design โ like Australia's โ combines a colonial-era Union Jack canton with a Southern Hemisphere star constellation. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Laos | Red bands, blue centre, white disc | A wide blue horizontal band in the centre, flanked by narrower red bands at top and bottom, with a large white disc centred on the blue band representing the moon over the Mekong River and symbolising the unity of the Lao people. Adopted in 1975 when the Lao People's Democratic Republic was established, replacing the former kingdom's flag. The palette is exclusively red, white, and blue. |
![]() | Thailand | Five bands: red, white, blue (centre), white, red | Five horizontal stripes โ red, white, blue (double width, centred), white, red. Adopted in 1917 by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI), who added the blue stripe partly to align Thailand's flag with the Allied red-white-blue tricolours of World War I. Red represents the nation and the blood of its people, white represents religion (Buddhism), and blue represents the monarchy. |
Notable exclusions & edge cases โ why they don't straightforwardly qualify: